Editing 180 Question References
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*'''GF1''' Longair, Malcolm S. "Galaxy Formation." Berlin: Springer, 1998. | *'''GF1''' Longair, Malcolm S. "Galaxy Formation." Berlin: Springer, 1998. | ||
*'''H1''' Hartle, James B. "Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity." San Francisco: Pearson Addison-Wesley, 2003. | *'''H1''' Hartle, James B. "Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity." San Francisco: Pearson Addison-Wesley, 2003. | ||
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*'''HKT2''' Hansen, Carl J., Steven D. Kawaler, and Virginia Trimble. "Stellar Interiors: Physical Principles, Structure, and Evolution." 2nd ed. USA: Springer, 2004. | *'''HKT2''' Hansen, Carl J., Steven D. Kawaler, and Virginia Trimble. "Stellar Interiors: Physical Principles, Structure, and Evolution." 2nd ed. USA: Springer, 2004. | ||
*'''ITU2009''' NASA's Imagine the Universe (online). (available online at: <http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html>.). | *'''ITU2009''' NASA's Imagine the Universe (online). (available online at: <http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.html>.). | ||
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*'''TP1''' Padmanabhan, Thanu. "An Invitation to Astrophysics." New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing Co, 2006. | *'''TP1''' Padmanabhan, Thanu. "An Invitation to Astrophysics." New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing Co, 2006. | ||
*W2008 Weekes, T. "TeV Gamma-ray Astronomy: The Story So Far." arXiv:0811.1197v1 (available online: <http://arxiv.org/abs/0811.1197>). | *W2008 Weekes, T. "TeV Gamma-ray Astronomy: The Story So Far." arXiv:0811.1197v1 (available online: <http://arxiv.org/abs/0811.1197>). | ||
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==180 Questions' References List== | ==180 Questions' References List== | ||
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1. Size of Earth: {EB09, article "Eratosthenes of Cyrene", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/191064/Eratosthenes-of-Cyrene>.}. Distance to Moon: {EB09, article "Cosmos", section "History of humanity’s perception of the universe » Astronomical theories of the ancient Greeks", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139365/Cosmos>.}. | 1. Size of Earth: {EB09, article "Eratosthenes of Cyrene", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/191064/Eratosthenes-of-Cyrene>.}. Distance to Moon: {EB09, article "Cosmos", section "History of humanity’s perception of the universe » Astronomical theories of the ancient Greeks", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139365/Cosmos>.}. | ||
− | 2. {CO2, section "Retrograde Motion Revisted" (pgs 6-8).}. | + | 2. {CO2, section "Retrograde Motion Revisted" (pgs 6-8).}. |
3. Henry Draper Catalogue: {CO2, section called "The Spectral Types of Stars", pgs 202-204.}. Bayer Designation: {EB09, article "Johann Bayer", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56781/Johann-Bayer>}. Markarian Catalogue: {ADS09, section called "Catalogue of Markarian Galaxies (Markarian+ 1967-81)", <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994yCat.7061....0M>}. Pulsars {CO2, Section 16.7 Pulsars, esp pgs 587-588.}. Abell Catalogue: {GF1, Section 4.1: The Large Scale Distribution of Clusters of Galaxies, pgs 71-75.}. Third Cambridge Catalogue: {ADS09, <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs?bibcode=2002yCat.8001....0E&>}. New General Catalogue: {CO2, section called "Cataloging the Island Universes", pgs 940-941.}. Bonner Durchmusterung: {EB09, article "Bonner Durchmusterung", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/73160/Bonner-Durchmusterung>}. Quasars: {CO2, sections called "Quasi-Stellar Objects" and "Quasar Terminology", pg 1099.}. Westerhout Catalogue: {ADS09, section called "Westerhout's Catalogue of 82 Discrete Sources (Westerhout 1958)", <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000yCat.8064....0W>}. Messier Catalogue: {CO2, section called "Cataloging the Island Universes", pgs 940-941.}, {Full list provided in CO2, Appendix H: The Messier Catalogue, A-13}. Asteroids: {EB09, article "infrared astronomy", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/287941/infrared-astronomy#ref=ref283726>}. | 3. Henry Draper Catalogue: {CO2, section called "The Spectral Types of Stars", pgs 202-204.}. Bayer Designation: {EB09, article "Johann Bayer", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/56781/Johann-Bayer>}. Markarian Catalogue: {ADS09, section called "Catalogue of Markarian Galaxies (Markarian+ 1967-81)", <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994yCat.7061....0M>}. Pulsars {CO2, Section 16.7 Pulsars, esp pgs 587-588.}. Abell Catalogue: {GF1, Section 4.1: The Large Scale Distribution of Clusters of Galaxies, pgs 71-75.}. Third Cambridge Catalogue: {ADS09, <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs?bibcode=2002yCat.8001....0E&>}. New General Catalogue: {CO2, section called "Cataloging the Island Universes", pgs 940-941.}. Bonner Durchmusterung: {EB09, article "Bonner Durchmusterung", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/73160/Bonner-Durchmusterung>}. Quasars: {CO2, sections called "Quasi-Stellar Objects" and "Quasar Terminology", pg 1099.}. Westerhout Catalogue: {ADS09, section called "Westerhout's Catalogue of 82 Discrete Sources (Westerhout 1958)", <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000yCat.8064....0W>}. Messier Catalogue: {CO2, section called "Cataloging the Island Universes", pgs 940-941.}, {Full list provided in CO2, Appendix H: The Messier Catalogue, A-13}. Asteroids: {EB09, article "infrared astronomy", <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/287941/infrared-astronomy#ref=ref283726>}. | ||
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13. {MHB62, first few pages should suffice.}. | 13. {MHB62, first few pages should suffice.}. | ||
− | 14. Stellar Parallax: {CO2, Section 3.1: Stellar Parallax (pgs 57-59).}. Stellar Aberration: { | + | 14. Stellar Parallax: {CO2, Section 3.1: Stellar Parallax (pgs 57-59).}. Stellar Aberration: {HB1, Section 7.5 Aberration (pgs 255-258), esp section called "Stellar aberration" (256-258).}. |
15. {CO2, section called "Some Methods for Determining Distances" (pgs 919-922).}. | 15. {CO2, section called "Some Methods for Determining Distances" (pgs 919-922).}. | ||
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24. | 24. | ||
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===Plasmas=== | ===Plasmas=== | ||
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37. {CO2, Section 13.3: Stellar Clusters (pgs 474-479).}. | 37. {CO2, Section 13.3: Stellar Clusters (pgs 474-479).}. | ||
− | 38. {CO2, sections called "The Saha Equation" and "Combining the Boltzmann and Saha Equations (pgs 213-219).}, {HKT2, Section 3.4: The Saha Equation (pgs 155-159).}. Saha Equation and Recombination (slight tangent): {CO2, section called "The Conditions at Recombination" (pgs 1181-1183).}. Saha Equation and Photo dissociation (slight tangent): { | + | 38. {CO2, sections called "The Saha Equation" and "Combining the Boltzmann and Saha Equations (pgs 213-219).}, {HKT2, Section 3.4: The Saha Equation (pgs 155-159).}. Saha Equation and Recombination (slight tangent): {CO2, section called "The Conditions at Recombination" (pgs 1181-1183).}. Saha Equation and Photo dissociation (slight tangent): {ST3, Section 18.3 Photodissociation (pgs 516-520).}. |
− | 39. | + | 39. |
− | 40 | + | 40. |
− | 41 | + | 41. |
42. | 42. | ||
− | 43 | + | 43. |
− | 44 | + | 44. |
− | 45 | + | 45. |
46. | 46. | ||
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70. | 70. | ||
− | 71. | + | 71. |
72. | 72. | ||
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78. {MLP, pgs 1-6.}. | 78. {MLP, pgs 1-6.}. | ||
− | 79. | + | 79. |
80. | 80. | ||
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82. | 82. | ||
− | 83 | + | 83. |
− | 84. | + | 84. |
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+ | 85. | ||
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===Variable Stars=== | ===Variable Stars=== | ||
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98. | 98. | ||
− | 99. | + | 99. |
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===Stellar Remnants=== | ===Stellar Remnants=== | ||
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100. {CO2, section called "Planetary Nebula" (pgs 470-474).}, {HKT2, Section 2.6: Later Phases, Initial Masses <= 6-10 Msolar (pgs 69-70).}. | 100. {CO2, section called "Planetary Nebula" (pgs 470-474).}, {HKT2, Section 2.6: Later Phases, Initial Masses <= 6-10 Msolar (pgs 69-70).}. | ||
− | 101. {BT3, Section 4.2: The Jeans Equations (pgs 195-211).}. With Hubble flow: {JP8, Section 15.2: Dynamics of Linear Perturbations (pgs 460-469).}. Hand-waving Jeans Length/Mass: { | + | 101. {BT3, Section 4.2: The Jeans Equations (pgs 195-211).}. With Hubble flow: {JP8, Section 15.2: Dynamics of Linear Perturbations (pgs 460-469).}. Hand-waving Jeans Length/Mass: {HB1, Section 2.2: Jeans length (pgs 50-52).}, {CO2, section called "The Jeans Criterion" (pgs 412-414).}. |
102. | 102. | ||
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===Radiative Processes=== | ===Radiative Processes=== | ||
− | 105. { | + | 105. {HB1, Chapter 5: Thermal bremsstrahlung radiation (pgs 181-204).}, {TP1, Section 2.4.1: Thermal bremmstrahlung (pgs 59-62).}, {CO2, section called "General Sources of Opacity" (pgs 244-247, esp 246).}. |
− | 106. { | + | 106. {HB1, Chapter 5: Thermal bremsstrahlung radiation (pgs 181-204), esp pgs 189-195.}. |
− | 107. { | + | 107. {HB1, Chapter 8: Synchrotron radiation (pgs 290-328).}, {TP1, Section 2.4.2: Synchrotron radiation (pgs 63-67).}, {CO2, section called "Synchrotron and Curvature Radiation" (pgs 592-593).}. |
− | 108. { | + | 108. {HB1, Section 8.4: Power radiated by the electron (pgs 304-311) and Section 8.5: Ensemble of radiating particles (pgs 311-317).}, {CO2, section called "The Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei" (pgs 1087-1090).}. |
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127. {BT3, Section 8.2: The Gravithermal Catastrophe (pgs 500-505).}. | 127. {BT3, Section 8.2: The Gravithermal Catastrophe (pgs 500-505).}. | ||
− | 128. {GF1, Section 4.3.4: Gravitational Lensing by Clusters of Galaxies (pgs 93-99).}, { | + | 128. {GF1, Section 4.3.4: Gravitational Lensing by Clusters of Galaxies (pgs 93-99).}, {HB1, Chapter 12: Gravitational Lensing (pgs 437-482), esp section called "Microlensing" (pgs 457-460).}, {C1, Section 8.6: Gravitational Lensing (pgs 349-355).}, {NB: esp. Chapter 2: Lensing by Point Masses in the Universe (pgs 6-16). }. |
129. {CO2, section called "The Local Group" (pgs 1059-1061).}. | 129. {CO2, section called "The Local Group" (pgs 1059-1061).}. | ||
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− | ===High Energy | + | ===High Energy Physics=== |
− | 137. | + | 137. |
− | 138. | + | 138. |
− | 139. | + | 139. |
− | 140. | + | 140. |
− | 141. | + | 141. |
− | 142. | + | 142. |
143. {CO2, section called "Are the Sources of GRBs Galactic or Extragalactic?", pgs 544-547.} | 143. {CO2, section called "Are the Sources of GRBs Galactic or Extragalactic?", pgs 544-547.} | ||
− | 144 | + | 144. |
145. {W2008}. Max distance (for TeV particles): {TP1, eq 2.64 (pg 69).}. | 145. {W2008}. Max distance (for TeV particles): {TP1, eq 2.64 (pg 69).}. | ||
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146. | 146. | ||
− | 147. | + | 147. |
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===Cosmology=== | ===Cosmology=== |